“Different fish Different Pond”
“Different fish Different Pond”. I think this proverb is right. The different thing can be the unique character that can build each culture in the different place. Indonesia has a lot of culture from Sabang until Merauke. I am very proud to be Indonesian; each culture had their character and uniqueness. Bali and Toraja are some part in Indonesia which is very different with others. Although both of them have similar thing about burying died people to the immortality with their ancestors but they also have some differences. Death is a certain condition that people should appear in their live. Bali and Toraja have their belief to burying dead people in the traditional ways to hold the burying ceremony in the certain place and some grave attributes that have some certain purpose be the interesting thing to learn.
Bali and Toraja are some of places that never burying dead people in the ground. Both of them choose to hold traditional ceremony that is called Ngaben in Bali and Rambu Solo in Toraja. They never do burying died people on the ground because of some certain believe. Balinese believe that Ngaben is a ceremony to clean the spirit (atma) as Hindus holy obligation for their ancestors to burn the corpse, because the human body is composed by 3 parts that are the hard body, the soft body, and karma. The hard body of human is made from 5 elements called Panca Maha Bhunta, that all are pertiwi (soil), apah (water), teja (hot), bayu (wind), and akasa (vacuum). When human is dead, so the hard body is dead also but not the atma (spirit) and Ngaben is the holy procession of atma (spirit) when the hard body is gone. God Brahma is a fire God so people should back to the creator by burning process with the real fire, and the abstract fire to accompany the spirit is incantation from priest. The other name of Ngaben is Palebon ceremony. In Toraja they are doing Rambu Solo. It is called as a completion ceremony of death because dead people are returned to the immortality with their ancestors in a certain place called Puyo that is located in the south where people live. Toraja’s belief this ceremony is very important. The perfection ceremony will determine the position of the dead people to reach the level of the Gods (to-membali puang) or become a patron deity (deata). If the family did not hold Rambu Solo, the soul of dead people will be rumble, confuse and uncertain. (Indotoplist.com)
The similarities of both rituals are they must do these rituals in a big scale and spend a lot of money to do these big ceremonies. Although they must spend the corpse in several months or years before the ceremony hold. Ngaben is very important, festive, and splendor ceremony in Bali, because this ceremony is forceful, needs a lot of money and a long of time also, so the ceremony is usually held lasting after the death. Wealthy people can hold Ngaben sooner. The family may collect money first, now days Ngaben are holds in the mass way to save their money. The corpse usually burying on the ground until the money is enough to hold Nagben. In several times before Ngaben hold the spirit (atma) of the corpse is unquiet and they always want to be free. The holy day to hold this ceremony is depend on the priest calendar, and the family preparing “Bade and Cow” that made from bamboo, wood, and color papers that available whit the corpse status in the social and economy society. The priest usually gives 7 days after the death to hold Ngaben. The first step to do Ngaben is Nyirami Layan (to bath the corpse). The corps will be bathed by Brahmana because it is their holy obligation. After that, the corpse will dressed Bali complete dress, then do Ngajum process. This is a procession to free the spirit with a drawer fabric as a symbol of Holy Spirit. In the day of Ngaben, the corpse will be taken in Wadah, a place to carrying the burn place. Wadah usually Padma form. Until the corpse arrives, it will replace in Pemalung. Pemalung is a place to burn the corpse made from banana steam ordered just like a cow. The abstract fire will be sounded before by the priest than the real fire will burn the corpse. After burning, the dust is coffining in to the sea, because sea is a symbol of the whole world and as a door to God. Rambu Solo holds in a big scale also, the family should collect money first same with Ngaben, but Rambu Solo hold in the different ways. The corps is not burying on the ground but still save in their house and the family serving the corpse as a sleep people. The family still given them meals, dresses, and invite the corpse to do conversation as usual. The funeral is determined by social status of the family who died. The large ceremony was measured from number of animals slaughtered. The nobles’ status will slaughter about 24 up to 100 buffalos. The middle status will slaughter about 8 buffalos and 50 pigs enough. The buffalos should compete (MappasiLaga teclong), fight each other, and compete feet (Sisemba) before slaughtered. The top of the event is Ma’abalun ritual is held (enwrap the corpse), Ma’roto (to set of gold and silver thread ornaments on the corpse chest), Ma’ parokko along (to taken down the corpse to be buried) and Ma’palo (bring the corpse to the funeral). When corpse is carried, red fabric spread out cover the family. (Indotoplist.com)
The certain place is the other similarity of Ngaben and Rambu Solo ritual. However the place is different. Ngaben usually do in the beach arena or in the lower land, because they do burning process. The procession begin in the morning and usually burned in the afternoon when the sunset in the beach. One of holiness place to do Ngaben is in Tanah Lot. They belief this place has a strong magic. Why usually do in beach arena? Because they should coffining the dust in the sea. Otherwise, Rambu Solo has their certain place to hold this ritual. Toraja people burying the corpse in Lemo, a village in Lemo( Lembang ) about 12 KM shout of Rontepao, 6 KM north Marauke, or in the Dayak Benuaq Funeral(east Kalimantan). The pattern of Lemo is a high cliff, around, and has some holes likes orange that called “Liang Paa” with 75 holes in the cadas cliff. Karang Terjal Londa- Tana Toraja, is one of the example of status funeral. It is located in hills with corals in sides. The coffin boxes are arranged and classed base on their family and the determine class in their society. One thing that very curious is the funeral place of baby in Toraja. Kambira baby funeral- Tana Toraja is a big tree that holed in the middle of the tree. After the baby is balsam and bundled than the baby is entered and closed by palm-fiber.
Each ritual has their own accessories as symbols and each symbol has their certain meaning. Just like Ngaben, that use fabric as a symbol of the goodness for the dead people, Rambu Solo use red fabric also but with different purpose. Balinese wears complete Bali dress with accessories to the corpse, same as the corpse wears in Toraja, they wears a set of gold and silver thread ornaments on the chest. In Hindus (Bali) belief that dead people should appear Rainkarnasi (someone will reborn in the world after the death) and they wish they can back to their beloved land “Bali” so they wears a complete Bali dress. A set of gold and silver ornaments in Toraja are shows the social status in corpse family. A mammals animals as a symbols of glory, although in Ngaben is not the true cow, just a wood and in Toraja they use the real buffalos and pigs to slaughter. Sesajen or offering is one thing that we can’t find in Toraja, but Bali has it. Sesajen should present in Balinese activity including Ngaben. Tau-tau is one thing that we can’t find in Bali, because Tau-tau is a doll made from wood or stone and the face is very similar with the corpse as a guard of the spirit in Rambu Solo.
The differences can make us nearer and see beyond the different because Indonesia culture is very various. Tolerance is one sense that can be the bridge to see the differences among us in the bright glasses. Whatever the ways to burying someone dead in each place have the similarity and the differences also. Both of them have the good side according their belief. Never underestimate the other place that has their own culture because people are not the perfect creature. I am very proud to be Indonesian because of the various cultures.
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